{"id":323,"date":"2024-11-16T18:53:48","date_gmt":"2024-11-16T10:53:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/?p=323"},"modified":"2024-11-16T18:56:16","modified_gmt":"2024-11-16T10:56:16","slug":"ssh_02","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/2024\/11\/16\/ssh_02\/","title":{"rendered":"SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8be6\u89e3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u7ae0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8be6\u89e3<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

sshd\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\uff1a\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u6ce8\u91ca\u540e\u5168\u6587\u57fa\u672c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Port 22  #\u8bbe\u7f6essh\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba422\u7aef\u53e3\nListenAddress ::\nListenAddress 0.0.0.0  #\u6307\u5b9a\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u76d1\u542c\u6240\u6709\uff1b\nProtocol 2,1   #\u6307\u5b9a\u652f\u6301\u7684SSH\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002'1'\u548c'2'\u8868\u793a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u652f\u6301SSH-1\u548cSSH-2\u534f\u8bae\u3002\n#\"2,1\"\u8868\u793a\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301SSH-1\u548cSSH-2\u534f\u8bae\u3002#\nHostKey \/etc\/ssh\/ssh_host_rsa_key\nHostKey \/etc\/ssh\/ssh_host_dsa_key\nHostKey \/etc\/ssh\/ssh_host_ecdsa_key\nHostKey \/etc\/ssh\/ssh_host_ed25519_key    #HostKey\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u79c1\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e; \n#SSH-1\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f \/etc\/ssh\/ssh_host_key \u3002SSH-2\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f \/etc\/ssh\/ssh_host_rsa_key\u548c\n#\/etc\/ssh\/ssh_host_dsa_key \u3002\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u3002\"rsa1\"\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8eSSH-1\uff0c\n#\"dsa\"\u548c\"rsa\"\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8eSSH-2\u3002\nUsePrivilegeSeparation yes     #\u662f\u5426\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u975e\u7279\u6743\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u63a5\u5165\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6743\n#\u9650\u5206 \u79bb\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\"yes\"\u3002 \u8ba4\u8bc1\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee5\u8be5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u521b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\n#\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63d0\u5347\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u3002\nKeyRegenerationInterval 3600   #\u5728SSH-1\u534f\u8bae\u4e0b\uff0c\u77ed\u547d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bc6\u94a5\u5c06\u4ee5\u6b64\u6307\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u65f6\n#\u95f4\u4e3a\u5468\u671f(\u79d2)\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c0f\u5bc6\u94a5\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u8005\u9ed1\u5ba2\u653b\u51fb\u9020\u6210\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002\u8bbe\u4e3a 0 \n#\u8868\u793a\u6c38\u4e0d\u91cd\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u4e3a 3600(\u79d2)\u3002\nServerKeyBits 1024    #\u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\nSyslogFacility AUTH   #\u6307\u5b9a \u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d88\u606f\u901a\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf(facility)\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u6709\u6548\u503c\u662f\uff1a\n#DAEMON, USER, AUTH(\u9ed8\u8ba4), LOCAL0, LOCAL1, LOCAL2, LOCAL3,LOCAL4, LOCAL5, \n#LOCAL6, LOCAL7\nLogLevel INFO     #\u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u7ea7(\u8be6\u7ec6\u7a0b\u5ea6)\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u503c\u5982\u4e0b:QUIET, FATAL, ERROR, INFO\n#(\u9ed8\u8ba4), VERBOSE, DEBUG, DEBUG1, DEBUG2, DEBUG3,DEBUG \u4e0e DEBUG1 \u7b49\u4ef7\uff1bDEBUG2\n# \u548c DEBUG3 \u5219\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u3001\u66f4\u7f57\u55e6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u6bd4 DEBUG \u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7528\u6237\n# \u7684\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53cd\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\nLoginGraceTime 120  #\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u9650(\u5355\u4f4d\u79d2)\u5185\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6210\u529f\uff0c0 \u8868\u793a\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\n#\u503c\u662f 120 \u79d2;\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u5207\u65ad\u8fde\u63a5\u4e4b\u524d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85120\u79d2\u3002\nPermitRootLogin yes  #\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8 root \u767b\u5f55\u3002\u53ef\u7528\u503c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\"yes\"(\u9ed8\u8ba4) \u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u3002\n#\"no\"\u8868\u793a\u7981\u6b62\u3002\"without-password\"\u8868\u793a\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1\u767b\u5f55\u3002\"forced-commands-only\"\n#\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 command \u9009\u9879\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u624d\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5176\u5b83\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u3002\n#\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u505a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5907\u4efd\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\nStrictModes yes       #\u6307\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u8981\u6c42 sshd(8) \u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u524d\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u914d\n#\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 \u8fdb\u884c\u5bbf\u4e3b\u548c\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\"yes\"\u6765\u9884\u9632\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4f4e\u7ea7\u9519\u8bef\u3002\nRSAAuthentication yes  #\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u7eaf RSA \u516c\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8eSSH-1\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\"yes\"\u3002\nPubkeyAuthentication yes  #\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u516c\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8eSSH-2\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a\"yes\"\u3002\nIgnoreRhosts yes    #\u662f\u5426\u53d6\u6d88\u4f7f\u7528 ~\/.ssh\/.rhosts \u6765\u505a\u4e3a\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u8bbe\u4e3ayes\u3002\nRhostsRSAAuthentication no  #\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u662f\u4e13\u95e8\u7ed9 version 1 \u7528\u7684\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 rhosts \u6863\u6848\u5728 \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000    \n#\/etc\/hosts.equiv\u914d\u5408 RSA \u6f14\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff01\u63a8\u8350no\u3002\nHostbasedAuthentication no    #\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u7ed9 version 2 \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\nIgnoreUserKnownHosts no          #\u662f\u5426\u5728 RhostsRSAAuthentication \u6216 \n#HostbasedAuthentication \u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5ffd\u7565\u7528\u6237\u7684 ~\/.ssh\/known_hosts \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\"no\"\u3002\n#\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u4e3a\"yes\"\u3002\nPermitEmptyPasswords no         #\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u5bc6\u7801\u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\"no\"\u3002\nChallengeResponseAuthentication no   #\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u8d28\u7591-\u5e94\u7b54(challenge-response)\u8ba4         \n#\u8bc1\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\"yes\"\uff0c\u6240\u6709 login.conf\u4e2d\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u88ab\u652f\u6301\u3002\nPasswordAuthentication yes      # \u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\"yes\"\u3002\nKerberosAuthentication no    #\u662f\u5426\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u6237\u4e3a PasswordAuthentication \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\n#\u5fc5\u987b\u901a \u8fc7 Kerberos KDC \u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528Kerberos\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Kerberos\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\n#\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6821\u9a8c KDC identity \u7684 Kerberos servtab \u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\"no\"\u3002\nKerberosGetAFSToken no       #\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 AFS \u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a Kerberos 5 TGT\uff0c\n#\u90a3\u4e48\u5f00   \u542f\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u540e,\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u524d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a AFS  token \u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\"no\"\u3002\nKerberosOrLocalPasswd yes   #\u5982\u679c Kerberos \u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u5bc6\u7801\u8fd8\u5c06\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u5b83\n#\u7684 \u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236(\u6bd4\u5982 \/etc\/passwd)\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a\"yes\"\u3002\nKerberosTicketCleanup yes    #\u662f\u5426\u5728\u7528\u6237\u9000\u51fa\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1\u7528\u6237\u7684 ticket \u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\n#\"yes\"\u3002\nGSSAPIAuthentication no      #\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e GSSAPI \u7684\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a\"no\"\u3002\n#\u4ec5\u7528 \u4e8eSSH-2\u3002\nGSSAPICleanupCredentials yes   #\u662f\u5426\u5728\u7528\u6237\u9000\u51fa\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1\u7528\u6237\u51ed\u8bc1\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c      \n#\u662f\"yes\"\u3002\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8eSSH-2\u3002\nX11Forwarding no    #\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u884c X11 \u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\"no\"\uff0c\u8bbe\u4e3a\"yes\"\u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u3002\u5982\u679c\n#\u5141\u8bb8X11\u8f6c\u53d1\u5e76\u4e14sshd\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u663e\u793a\u533a\u88ab\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5728\u542b\u6709\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u7684\u5730\u5740(X11UseLocalhost)\u4e0a\u76d1\u542c\u3002\n#\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528X11\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u6b64\u6307\u4ee4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a\"no\"\u3002\u9700\n#\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7981\u6b62X11\u8f6c\u53d1\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7981\u6b62\u7528\u6237\u8f6c\u53d1X11\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8f6c\u53d1\u5668\u3002\u5982\n#\u679c\u542f\u7528\u4e86 UseLogin \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48X11\u8f6c\u53d1\u5c06\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u7981\u6b62\u3002\nX11DisplayOffset 10    #\u6307\u5b9aX11 \u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u663e\u793a\u533a(display)\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c                   \n#\u662f 10 \u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62 sshd \u5360\u7528\u4e86\u771f\u5b9e\u7684 X11 \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u663e\u793a\u533a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\nPrintMotd no                #\u767b\u5165\u540e\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5462\uff1f\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u6b21\u767b\u5165\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5730\u70b9\u7b49\n#\u7b49\uff0c\u9884\u8bbe\u662f yes \uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u6539\u4e3a no \uff01\nPrintLastLog yes           #\u6307\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\"yes\"\nTCPKeepAlive yes       #\u6307\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001 TCP keepalive \u6d88\u606f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\"yes\"\n#\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d88\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6b7b\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u5f53\u5173\u95ed\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5d29\u6e83\u7b49\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u4e3a\"no\"\u5173\u95ed\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u3002\nUseLogin no               #\u662f\u5426\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 login\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\"no\"\u3002\n#\u5982\u679c\u5f00\u542f\u6b64\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 X11Forwarding \u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a login \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406 xauth \n#cookies \u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0clogin\u662f\u7981\u6b62\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 \n#UsePrivilegeSeparation \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c06\u5728\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u88ab\u7981\u7528\u3002\nMaxStartups 10        #\u6700\u5927\u5141\u8bb8\u4fdd\u6301\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u672a\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f 10 \u3002\u5230\u8fbe\u9650\u5236\u540e\uff0c\n#\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u53d7\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5148\u524d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6210\u529f\u6216\u8d85\u51fa LoginGraceTime \u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\nMaxAuthTries 6     #\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u6700\u5927\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f 6 \u3002\u5982\u679c\u5931\u8d25\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u8d85\n#\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u7684\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5c06\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u65ad\u5f00\uff0c\u4e14\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u65e5\u5fd7\u6d88\u606f\u3002\nUseDNS no          #\u6307\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u5bf9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u5411\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u6b64\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u5176IP\n#\u5730\u5740\u771f\u5b9e\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\nBanner \/etc\/issue.net   #\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u524d\u663e\u793a\u7ed9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7528\u6237\u3002\n#\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u4ec5\u80fd\u7528\u4e8eSSH-2\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ec0\u4e48\u5185\u5bb9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u3002\"none\"\u8868\u793a\u7981\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\u3002\nSubsystem sftp \/usr\/lib\/openssh\/sftp-server   #\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\n#\u4f20\u8f93\u5b88   \u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b)\u3002\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8eSSH-2\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c(\u542b\u9009\u9879\u548c\u53c2\u6570)\u3002\nUsePAM yes     #\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528PAM\u6a21\u5757\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a
\u4e00\u822cssh\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u4e0a\uff0c\u540e\u53f0\u767b\u9646\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u7f51\u7edc\u6709\u65e0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u5426\u653e\u884cssh\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0bssh\u670d\u52a1\u53c8\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5sshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3001\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5730\u5740\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3001\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8root\u767b\u9646\u7b49\uff09\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u90fd\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u518d\u67e5\u4e0b\/etc\/hosts.deny \u548c \/etc\/hosts.allow \u662f\u5426\u6709\u9650\u5236\u767b\u9646\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u76f8\u5173\u8865\u5145<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
SSH1 vs. SSH2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
SSH\u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u8303\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0f\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5927\u7248\u672c\uff1aSSH1 (\u7248\u672c\u53f7 1.XX) \u548c SSH2 (\u7248\u672c\u53f7 2.00)\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cSSH1\u548cSSH2\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u4e92\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002SSH2\u660e\u663e\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u4e86SSH1\u4e2d\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0cSSH\u662f\u5b8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u5982\uff1a\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\u88ab\u6253\u5305\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0cSSH2\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6bd4SSH1\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u57fa\u4e8eMAC\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5bc6\u94a5\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u5145\u5206\u534f\u5546\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u516c\u94a5\u8bc1\u4e66\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7528SecurityCRT\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u9009\u62e9ssh1\u8fd8\u662fssh2\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002
SSH2\u7531IETF\u6807\u51c6\u5316\uff0c\u4e14\u5b83\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u4e1a\u754c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u7531\u4e8eSSH2\u5bf9\u4e8eSSH1\u7684\u6d41\u884c\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709Linux\u65b0\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0cOpenSSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7981\u7528\u4e86SSH1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SSH\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u767b\u9646\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u5bf9\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\uff08\u516c\u94a5\u548c\u79c1\u94a5\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u8be5\u516c\u94a5\u653e\u5230\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fde\u63a5\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fde\u63a5\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u5230ssh\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0cssh\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f1a\u5411ssh\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7528\u4f60\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002ssh\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u6536\u5230\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u5728ssh\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u4f60\u767b\u9646\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5bfb\u627e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u94a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u5b83\u548c\u4f60\u53d1\u9001\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u516c\u94a5\u4e00\u81f4\uff0cssh\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u7528\u516c\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u201c\u8d28\u8be2\u201d\uff08challenge\uff09\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9ssh\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002ssh\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u6536\u5230\u201c\u8d28\u8be2\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f60\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u89e3\u5bc6\u8be5\u201c\u8d28\u8be2\u201d\uff0c\u518d\u628a\u5b83\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9ssh\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
X11<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
X11\u4e5f\u53eb\u505aX Window\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cX Window\u7cfb\u7edf (X11\u6216X)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd \u4f4d\u56fe \u663e\u793a\u7684 \u89c6\u7a97\u7cfb\u7edf \u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5728 Unix \u548c \u7c7bUnix \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf \uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca OpenVMS \u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762 \u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u548c\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u89e3\u51b3SSH\u767b\u9646\u7f13\u6162<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u7f16\u8f91sshd_config\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u628aUseDNS\u6539\u4e3ano\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u5c3e\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\uff1aUseDNS no
\u5173\u95edGSSAPI\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff1aGSSAPIAuthentication no
\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\u91cd\u542fssh\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/etc\/hosts.allow \u548c\/etc\/hosts.deny<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u6709\u4e9bserver\u4f1a\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u9650\u5236\u767b\u9646\u7684ip\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662fdeny\u91cc\u9762deny all\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518dallow\u9700\u8981\u767b\u9646\u7684ip\u5730\u5740\uff1b\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a
\u5148\u7981\u6b62\u6240\u6709\uff1a
[root @test root]# cat \/etc\/hosts.deny
sshd: ALL : deny\u3000
\u518d\u653e\u884c\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684ip:
[root @test root]# cat \/etc\/hosts.allow
sshd:10.10.10.* : allow \u5141\u8bb810.10.10.0\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\u767b\u9646
sshd: 192.168.2.2 : allow \u5141\u8bb8192.168.2.2\u8fd9\u4e2aip\u767b\u9646<\/p>\n\n\n\n
PAM<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
PAM\u5168\u79f0\u662f\u53ef\u63d2\u62d4\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6a21\u5757(Pluggable Authentication Modules);
Linux-PAM (Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u53ef\u63d2\u5165\u5f0f\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6a21\u7ec4) \u662f\u4e00\u5957\u5171\u4eab\u51fd\u6570\u5e93,\u5141\u8bb8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5982\u4f55\u8bc6\u522b\u7528\u6237\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u4e0d\u7740(\u91cd\u5199\u548c)\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u4e2a(\u652f\u63f4PAM\u7684)\u7a0b\u5f0f,\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5b83\u6240\u7528\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236. \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6574\u4e2a\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u4f60\u7684\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u53bb\u7ba1\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u672c\u8eab\u3002Linux-PAM \u7ed9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u5f39\u6027\u6765\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8d4b\u4e88\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u7ae0 SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8be6\u89e3 sshd\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\uff1a\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u6ce8\u91ca\u540e\u5168\u6587\u57fa\u672c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[22],"class_list":["post-323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-ssh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=323"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/323\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/telaker.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}